Is Succinic Acid (E363) Halal?

MUIS lists E363 (Succinic Acid) as doubtful (mashbooh), which means the source cannot be confirmed from the E-number alone — not that it is haram. It can be made from synthetic or microbial materials, so the same E-number may be halal from one manufacturer and not from another. The reliable check is a recognised halal certification logo on the finished product, or a manufacturer statement of the source.

Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid commercially prepared from acetic acid or by fermentation. The MUIS doubtful classification reflects acetic acid's possible vinegar-fermentation origin.

• limited food applications
• flavouring in seasonings
• pharmaceuticals

• Look for a recognised halal certification logo (MUIS, JAKIM, MUI, HMC or similar) on the packaging — certified products have had the source of this additive verified.
• Check whether the label states the origin, for example 'vegetable origin', 'plant-based' or 'soy'.
• If there is no certification and the origin is not stated, contact the manufacturer or choose a product with a halal alternative.

fumaric acid (E297), malic acid (E296), adipic acid (E355)

E363 (Succinic Acid) is doubtful for Muslims according to the MUIS food additive listing. Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid commercially prepared from acetic acid or by fermentation.

Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid commercially prepared from acetic acid or by fermentation. The MUIS doubtful classification reflects acetic acid's possible vinegar-fermentation origin.

E363 is commonly found in limited food applications, flavouring in seasonings, and pharmaceuticals.