Is Sodium Fumarate (E365) Halal?

MUIS lists E365 (Sodium Fumarate) as doubtful (mashbooh), which means the source cannot be confirmed from the E-number alone — not that it is haram. Although it is made synthetically, some production routes use animal-derived processing aids or carriers, and the E-number does not identify the producer. The reliable check is a recognised halal certification logo on the finished product, or a manufacturer statement of the source.

Sodium fumarate is the sodium salt of fumaric acid, used as an acidity regulator. The doubtful classification reflects MUIS's general caution about fermentation- or chemically-produced acidulants.

• powdered desserts
• drink mixes
• wine

• Look for a recognised halal certification logo (MUIS, JAKIM, MUI, HMC or similar) on the packaging — certified products have had the source of this additive verified.
• Check whether the label states the origin, for example 'vegetable origin', 'plant-based' or 'soy'.
• If there is no certification and the origin is not stated, contact the manufacturer or choose a product with a halal alternative.

fumaric acid (E297), sodium citrates (E331), potassium fumarate (E366)

E365 (Sodium Fumarate) is doubtful for Muslims according to the MUIS food additive listing. Sodium fumarate is the sodium salt of fumaric acid, used as an acidity regulator.

Sodium fumarate is the sodium salt of fumaric acid, used as an acidity regulator. The doubtful classification reflects MUIS's general caution about fermentation- or chemically-produced acidulants.

E365 is commonly found in powdered desserts, drink mixes, and wine.