Is Propylene Glycol Esters (E477) Halal?

MUIS lists E477 (Propylene Glycol Esters) as doubtful (mashbooh), which means the source cannot be confirmed from the E-number alone — not that it is haram. It can be made from plant-based or animal-derived materials, so the same E-number may be halal from one manufacturer and not from another. The reliable check is a recognised halal certification logo on the finished product, or a manufacturer statement of the source.

Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids are emulsifiers prepared by esterifying propylene glycol with fatty acids. The doubtful classification reflects the potentially animal or vegetable origin of the fatty acids.

• whipped toppings
• cake mixes
• shortenings
• icings

• Look for a recognised halal certification logo (MUIS, JAKIM, MUI, HMC or similar) on the packaging — certified products have had the source of this additive verified.
• Check whether the label states the origin, for example 'vegetable origin', 'plant-based' or 'soy'.
• If there is no certification and the origin is not stated, contact the manufacturer or choose a product with a halal alternative.

mono- and diglycerides (E471), polysorbate 60 (E435), polyglycerol esters (E475)

E477 (Propane-1,2-Diol Esters of Fatty Acids) is doubtful for Muslims according to the MUIS food additive listing. Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids are emulsifiers prepared by esterifying propylene glycol with fatty acids.

Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids are emulsifiers prepared by esterifying propylene glycol with fatty acids. The doubtful classification reflects the potentially animal or vegetable origin of the fatty acids.

E477 is commonly found in whipped toppings, cake mixes, shortenings, and icings.